Roman Numeral ConverterConvert numbers and dates to Roman numerals, and back
Type a number to get Roman numerals or type Roman numerals to get the number. The converter detects which way automatically, checks the numerals are valid, converts dates for tattoos and engravings, and shows the place-value breakdown.
- Two-way, auto-detect
- Validity checker
- Dates in Roman numerals
- Large numbers (vinculum)
Roman numeral converter
MMXXVI
How do you convert numbers to Roman numerals?
Break the number into thousands, hundreds, tens and ones, write each part with the symbols I = 1, V = 5, X = 10, L = 50, C = 100, D = 500 and M = 1,000, then join them. A smaller symbol before a larger one is subtracted: IV = 4, IX = 9, XL = 40, XC = 90, CD = 400, CM = 900. 2026 = MM (2000) + XX (20) + VI (6) = MMXXVI, and 1999 = M + CM + XC + IX = MCMXCIX. Standard numerals go up to 3,999 (MMMCMXCIX). Larger numbers use a bar (vinculum) above a letter to multiply it by 1,000.
The rules of Roman numerals
Add when it’s equal or smaller to the right
VI = 5 + 1 = 6, and LXX = 50 + 10 + 10 = 70.
Subtract only these six pairs
IV, IX, XL, XC, CD and CM. “IC” for 99 is not standard. The correct form is XCIX.
Repeat at most three times
I, X, C and M can repeat up to three times (III, XXX). V, L and D never repeat. 4 is IV, not IIII, except on many clock faces, which traditionally show IIII.
No zero
The Roman system has no symbol for zero and no negative numbers, so the converter accepts 1 and above.
Roman numerals chart: ones, tens and hundreds
| Number | Roman | Number | Roman | Number | Roman |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | 10 | X | 100 | C |
| 2 | II | 20 | XX | 200 | CC |
| 3 | III | 30 | XXX | 300 | CCC |
| 4 | IV | 40 | XL | 400 | CD |
| 5 | V | 50 | L | 500 | D |
| 6 | VI | 60 | LX | 600 | DC |
| 7 | VII | 70 | LXX | 700 | DCC |
| 8 | VIII | 80 | LXXX | 800 | DCCC |
| 9 | IX | 90 | XC | 900 | CM |
| 10 | X | 100 | C | 1000 | M |
Years in Roman numerals
Popular for tattoos, wedding dates, cornerstones and film copyright lines. Double-check the year before it’s carved or inked.
| Year | Roman numerals |
|---|---|
| 1990 | MCMXC |
| 1995 | MCMXCV |
| 2000 | MM |
| 2010 | MMX |
| 2011 | MMXI |
| 2012 | MMXII |
| 2013 | MMXIII |
| 2014 | MMXIV |
| 2015 | MMXV |
| 2016 | MMXVI |
| 2017 | MMXVII |
| 2018 | MMXVIII |
| 2019 | MMXIX |
| 2020 | MMXX |
| 2021 | MMXXI |
| 2022 | MMXXII |
| 2023 | MMXXIII |
| 2024 | MMXXIV |
| 2025 | MMXXV |
| 2026 | MMXXVI |
| 2027 | MMXXVII |
| 2028 | MMXXVIII |
| 2029 | MMXXIX |
| 2030 | MMXXX |
Related calculators
Converting a special date? These tools help with the rest:
More Quick Everyday Converters in this cluster:
Manzoor Ahmad
Calculator Developer · Founder of DexoCalc
I’m a pharmacist turned web developer with 13+ years of experience building web tools. People use Roman numerals for permanent things like tattoos, rings and cornerstones, so this converter validates strictly and tells you when numerals aren’t standard. It was tested on every number from 1 to 3,999 in both directions.
Published · Last reviewed · Author profile · Report an issue
Roman numerals: frequently asked questions
MMXXVI: MM (2000) + XX (20) + VI (6).
Convert the month, day and year separately and join them with dots. November 3, 2026 is XI.III.MMXXVI in US order (month.day.year), or III.XI.MMXXVI in day.month.year order. Use ‘Date → Roman’ above.
Standard Roman numerals use subtraction for 4 and 9 (IV, IX). IIII appears mainly on clock faces, where it’s a long-standing design tradition.
In standard form, 3,999 (MMMCMXCIX). Larger numbers use a vinculum, a bar over a numeral that multiplies it by 1,000, so V̄ = 5,000. Tick ‘Allow large numbers’ to use it.
No. Romans had no numeral for zero. Medieval scholars sometimes wrote N (for nulla) instead.
Type them in. The converter checks them against the standard rules and, if they aren’t standard, shows the value read additively and the correct way to write it.
Sources & references
- Roman numeral, Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Roman Numerals, Wolfram MathWorld
Always double-check numerals before engraving, printing or tattooing.